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.26, 27, 36, 44 5 Schulpforta boarding school 2distinction from appearances Schumann, Robert 397 8, 99, 104 science 7 8, 37, 38illusive 44 5 scientists, and the truth 93, 94meaninglessness of 111 12 self, lack of substance 95 6neutral nature of 96 8 self-centeredness, of human natureultimate 13, 14, 15, 18 66 7as unknowable 96, 97 self-liberation 73see also universe; world self-reliance 148reality principle 115 sensory experience 12 15, 99 103,reason 37 104, 142 3rebirth 73 Sermon on the Mount 120 1redemption 116 24, 149 sexes, duality of 92see also salvation sexism 141 2reinterpretation, of ideals 114 15 sexuality 55 6repression 29, 31 Shakespeare, William 110 11,Revelation (Book of) 171, 173 138revolution 124 Shelley, Mary 15Ritschl, Friedrich 4 5, 8 sickness-affirmation 108, 109 10Röcken bei Lützen 1 sickness-negation 70 1, 106 7,Roman philosophy 4 5 108 9, 121, 132 3188 Indexsocial values, transient nature of 142, universe143 anthropomorphic interpretationsSocrates 29, 30, 36, 72 66 8Sophocles 89 nature of 66 9, 73 7, 86, 88 9space-time, as human construction neutral 48, 68 9, 73 712 13, 14, 15, 16, 55 truth of 98Spinoza, Benedict 159 us vs.them mentality 129spiritual anaesthesia 89 see also reality; worldspiritual debilitation 50, 55 9see also nihilism valuesstrength 19, 134 6 independence of the world fromsuffering 18 19, 34, 35, 85 96 8, 104meeting the demands of 88 9, transient nature of 142, 143115 16 and truth 100necessity of 69 70 violence 131 2, 133 4salvation from 96superhuman see Übermensch Wagner circle 128 9surrealism 137 Wagner, Cosima 128Wagner, Richard xi, 5, 36, 37, 38, 127,taste 143 4 128Ten Commandments 121 appreciation of The Birth oftextual recension 4 Tragedy 23Thales 71 influence on Nietzsche 2 3, 8 9theodicies 117 Nietzsche s critique of 126see also justification Nietzsche s idealization of 86thing-in-itself 26 on redemption 117 18Thus Spoke Zarathustra A Book for weakness 133 5All and None (Nietzsche) ix, Weimar 145x, 20 1, 57 8, 62, 87, 107, 128, Western culture, bankruptcy of 24 5,134, 145 28 30tragedy, Greek 23, 24 5, 89 Wilamowitz-Möllendorf, Ulrich vonrebirth 35 40 158as transcendence-festival 30 5 will 27, 71, 73troubadours 175 madness of 56truth 38 40, 42, 43 5, 93 104 universal 6, 15, 16absolute 98, 99, 140, 142 will-to-power 71 7, 89, 100, 105,creating 99 100 122illusory 97, 98, 103 Winckelmann, Johann 27Nietzschean conception 88 wisdom 137, 138 9, 143, 144Platonic conception 88 women, Nietzsche s attitudes to 91,stability of 43 5 92 3, 94, 95 6, 103, 110, 111Turin 145 worldaesthetic justification for theÜbermensch (superhuman) 5, 80 90, existence of 117, 118 19107, 120, 122, 134 6 as chaotic realm 68, 75 6ultimate reality 13, 14, 15, 18 as heaven and hell 79, 115universal awareness (moral human beings place in 67awareness) 35 idealized as perfect 112 15189 INDEXnature of 66 9, 73 7, 86, 88 9, Xenophanes 6696 102neutral 96 8, 101 Zarathustra (fictional character fromtruth/understanding of 98, 100 1, Thus Spoke Zarathustra.) ix,102 4, 20 1, 58, 62, 87, 107, 109,see also reality; universe 120 1190
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