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.In recent years, various medical approaches have becomeavailable, including the drug Viagra.These treatments focus mostly on male erectiledysfunction and are promising.Paraphilia: Clinical Descriptions" Paraphilia is sexual attraction to inappropriate people, such as children, or toinappropriate objects, such as articles of clothing." The paraphilias include fetishism, in which sexual arousal occurs almost exclusivelyin the context of inappropriate objects or individuals; exhibitionism, in which sexualgratification is attained by exposing one s genitals to unsuspecting strangers;voyeurism, in which sexual arousal is derived from observing unsuspectingindividuals undressing or naked; transvestic fetishism, in which individuals aresexually aroused by wearing clothing of the opposite sex; sexual sadism, in whichsexual arousal is associated with inflicting pain or humiliation; sexual masochism,in which sexual arousal is associated with experiencing pain or humiliation; andpedophilia, in which there is a strong sexual attraction toward children.Incest is atype of pedophilia in which the victim is related, often a son or daughter." The development of paraphilia is associated with deficiencies in consensual adultsexual arousal, deficiencies in consensual adult social skills, deviant sexualfantasies that may develop before or during puberty, and attempts by the individualto suppress thoughts associated with these arousal patterns.Assessing and Treating Paraphilia Durand 9-101" Psychosocial treatments of paraphilia, including covert sensitization, orgasmicreconditioning, and relapse prevention, seem highly successful but are availableonly in specialized clinics.Key Termsheterosexual sex, 346homosexual sex, 346gender identitydisorder, 350sex reassignment surgery, 353sexual dysfunction, 354hypoactive sexual desire disorder, 356sexual aversiondisorder, 357male erectiledisorder, 357female sexual arousal disorder, 357inhibited orgasm, 359female orgasmicdisorder, 360male orgasmicdisorder, 360prematureejaculation, 360sexual pain disorder, 361dyspareunia, 361vaginismus, 361paraphilias, 372fetishism, 372voyeurism, 372exhibitionism, 372transvestic fetishism, 373 Durand 9-102sexual sadism, 374sexual masochism, 374pedophilia, 374incest, 375covert sensitization, 378orgasmicreconditioning, 379relapse prevention, 379Answers to Concept Checks9.1 1.more men masturbate and do it more often; men are more permissive aboutcasual sex; women want more intimacy from sex, etc.2.both heterosexuality and homosexuality are normal; both genetics andpsychological influences appear to be involved in the development of sexualpreference3.gender identity disorder4.abnormal hormone levels during development, social/parental influences5.sex reassignment surgery, psychosocial treatment to adjust to either gender9.2 1.c 2.a 3.b 4.c 5.a9.3 1.T 2.F (sometimes increases arousal)3.T 4.T5.F (e.g., nondemand pleasuring, squeeze technique, etc.)6.T9.4 1.d 2.c 3.a 4.b 5.a 6.cInfoTrac College Edition Durand 9-103If your instructor ordered your book with InfoTrac College Edition, please explorethis online library for additional readings, review, and a handy resource for shortassignments.Go to:http://www.infotrac-college.com/wadsworthEnter these search terms: sexual disorders, erectile dysfunction, psychosexual therapy,sensate focus, premature ejaculation, paraphilia, fetishism, exhibitionism, pedophilia,child sexual abuse, incest, sex psychology, sadomasochismThe Abnormal Psychology Book Companion WebsiteGo to http://psychology.wadsworth.com/durand_barlow4e/ for practice quizquestions, Internet links, critical thinking exercises, and more.Also accessible fromthe Wadsworth Psychology Study Center (http://psychology.wadsworth.com).Abnormal Psychology Live CD-ROM" Clark, an example of a man with erectile dysfunction, is a rather complicated casein which depression, physical symptoms, and cultural expectations all seem to playa role in his problem." Jessica Changing Over: Jessica discusses her life as a transsexual, both beforeand after her sex reassignment surgery.Go to http://now.ilrn.com/durand_barlow_4e to link toAbnormal PsychologyNow, your online study tool.First take the Pre-test for thischapter to get your personalized Study Plan, which will identify topics you need toreview and direct you to online resources.Then take the Post-test to determine whatconcepts you have mastered and what you still need to work on
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